I. DNA-Deoxyribonucleic Acid

1. Nucleotides-the building blocks, Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
2. Complementary Base Pairing: A-T, G-C only
3. Three Dimensional Structure-Double Helix
4. Semiconservative Replication

II. RNA-Ribonucleic Acid

1. Different sugar, Uracil replaces Thymine
2. Single stranded –complementary to one strand of DNA
3. Made by Transcription
4. Three types: m-RNA, t-RNA, r-RNA

III. Proteins

1. Long sequences of amino acids
2. Carry out all metabolic processes in cells
3. Made by Translation on ribosomes Gene base sequence-->Amino Acid sequence
4. Genetic code

IV. Division of Cells

1. Takes place in meristems-how organisms grow
2. Two parts to cell division
   1. Mitosis-division of the nucleus
   2. Cytokinesis-division of the cytoplasm
3. Cell cycle
4. Mitosis
   1. Interphase
   2. Prophase-Chromosomes form: Chromatids/Centromere
   3. Spindle forms
   4. Metaphase-chromosomes line up in center of cell
   5. Anaphase-Sister chromatids pull apart
   6. Telophase-Nuclear membrane forms, cytokinesis
5. Importance of Mitosis
   1. Identical distribution of genetic material to two cells
   2. Daughter cells are genetically identical
   3. Chromosome number remains constant