Multiple Choice (66 points)

  1. An example of analogous organs would be; (A) wingless birds with vestigal wing bones, (B) dolphin’s flippers and human’s arms, (C) wings of birds and wings of insects, (D) blind cave-dwelling animals with eyes.
  2. As a result of ?????, there is an increase of “favorable genes” and a decrease of “unfavorable genes” within a population; (A) gradualism, (B) punctuated equilibrium, (C) Natural Selection, (D) homologous organs.
  3. Fossils provide one example of evidence for; (A) evolution, (B) asexual reproduction, (C) photosynthesis, (D) sexual reproduction.
  4. A fairy ring on a golf course is formed by the fruiting bodies of members of what kingdom; (A) Protista, (B) Plantae, (C) Fungi, (D) Animila.
  5. The process of double fertilization in flowering plants involves; (A) one sperm nucleus fertilizes one egg cell, (B) one sperm nucleus fertilizes two polar nuclei, (C) one sperm nucleus fertilizes the other sperm nucleus, (D) both A and B at the same time.
  6. Ferns differ from the bryophytes by possessing; (A) vascular tissue, (B) predominant sporophytes, (C) independent sporophytes, (D) all of the above.
  7. Gymnosperms are: (A) flowering plants, (B) covered seed plants, (C) naked seed plants, (D) none of these.
  8. Alternation of generations refers to: (A) the length of time required for each stage of meiosis, (B) the presence or absence of antheridia and archegonia, (C) the haploid and diploid phases of a life cycle, (D) the relationship between plants and their pollinators.
  9. Carrageenan is a product derived from which group of algae; (A) diatoms, (B) green algae, (C) red algae, (D) brown algae, (E) dinoflagellates.
  10. The endosperm in flowering plants used as a food source for the germinating seed is (A) haploid, (B) diploid, (C) triploid, (D) none of the above.
  11. The structure in plants which prevents excessive water loss and death through dessication is; (A) root, (B) cuticle, (C) archegonia, (D) anthredia.
  12. As one proceeds “up” the evolutionary time scale toward more advanced plants, which of the following occurs? (A) gametophytes become more dominant, (B) sporophytes become more dominant, (C) gametophytes are omitted, (D) sporophytes are omitted.
  13. What do the gymnosperms have that the ferns lack? (a) flowers, (B) seeds, (C) chlorophyll a and b, (D) vascular tissue, (E) cuticle.
  14. In order to live on land, plants (in contrast to algae) developed; (A) cuticle, (B) multicellular gametangia, (C) roots, (D) all of the above, (E) only A and C.
  15. Which group of algae is the large seaweeds? (A) brown algae, (B) dinoflagellates, (C) diatoms, (D) mushrooms.
  16. Which groups of plants are considered phytoplankton? (A) diatoms and green algae, (B) green algae and red algae, (C) brown algae, (D) mushrooms.
  17. A group of algae that is a very important food producer in the oceans, and has silica in its cell walls is; (A) dinoflagellates, (B) diatoms, (C) brown algae, (D) green algae.
  18. Why are cacti found in the American southwest, and no where else on the planet? (A) They originated there only, (B) They ran into barriers (oceans) to prevent their spread beyond the Southwest, (C) neither A or B are correct, (D) Both A and B are correct.
  19. The raw materials for natural selection, or in other words, the stuff natural selection acts on is; (A) individuals, (B) acquired traits, (C) genetic variation, (D) environmental modifications.
  20. According to the video on pollination, bird pollinated flowers will have no odor, and be what color? (A) yellow, (B) blue, (C) white, (D) red.
  21. According to the video on seed dispersal, most plants use what mechanism to disperse their seeds; (A) wind, (B) water, (C) animals, (D) none of these.
  22. According to the video on pollination, what plant organ (part) primarily functions to attract animal pollinators: (A) flowers, (B) leaves, (C) modified stems, (D) none of these.
  23. The most significant role of fungi in the overall scheme of things is; (A) food for humans, (B) decomposition of organic matter, (C) photosynthetic conversion of light energy to chemical energy, (D) as a natural source of halucinogenic drugs.
  24. Secondary xylem is another word for; (A) wood, (B) bark, (C) meristem, (D) epidermis.
  25. The bulk of the edible part of a pome (apple) is; (A) seed wall, (B) enlarged receptacle at the base of the flower, (C) swollen ovary wall, (D) endosperm.
  26. The bulk of the wood in a tree is produced by what tissue; (A) apical meristem, (B) cambium, (C) root meristem, (D) phloem.
  27. Algae require a moist environment in order to be biologically active because; (A) they lack nuclei, (B) they lack a cuticle, (C) they produce flowers, (D) they lack stomates.
  28. The actual body of a fungus is made up of thread-like strands called; (A) flagella, (B) hyphae, (C) microtubules, (D) vessels, (E) trachieds.
  29. In a botanical sense, the fruit of a plant that we eat comes from; (A) the petals, (B) the ovary, (C) the seeds, (D) the sepals.
  30. In the film that discussed evidence for evolution, fossil shells were illustrated that were found in the cliffs of Dover England. How did the scientists know that fossil A was older than fossil B? (A) fossil A was found in the ground above fossil B, (B) fossil A was found in the ground below fossil B, (C) position has no relationship to age, (D) fossil A was in a different type of dirt than fossil B.
  31. Gymnosperms are pollinated by; (A) wind, (B) hummingbirds, (C) bees, (D) bats.
  32. The fruit called a berry has; (A) a soft exocarp, (B) a soft mesocarp, (C) a soft endocarp, (D) all of these.
  33. Genetic change in a population of organisms that occurs over time is called; (A) alternation of generations, (B) evolution, (C) natural selection, (D)inheritance of acquired characters.

34. As plants moved out of the water onto land, each step has been accompanied by a significant improvement over the previous group. Starting with the mosses on this list, give one evolutionary improvement of that group over the previous group. (8 points)

  1. GROUP Evolutionary Advancement
  2. Algae This is the base group.
  3. mosses a.
  4. ferns b.
  5. gymnosperms c.
  6. angiosperms d.

35. Match the plant group with the commercial product obtained from that group (16 points)

  1. penicillin a. ferns
  2. Yogurt b. Gymnosperms
  3. Ice Cream, tooth paste c. Angiosperms
  4. Swimming pool filters d. Fungi
  5. Peat for planting flowers e. Red Algae
  6. Coal for fuel f. Mosses
  7. Turpentine g. Bacteria
  8. Coffee, Tea, Cocoa, Beer, Wine h. Diatoms.

36. Label any five parts of the flower. (10 points)

there was a diagram of a flower similar to the handout from class, and you are to label five parts