Concepts from Chapter 7
Action potential & graded potential
Mechanisms and details of synaptic transmission
Synaptic delay
Excitatory and Inhibitory synapses
IPSP and EPSP
Ionotropic and Metabotropic receptors
Temporal and Spatial summation
The neurotransmitters, pages 214 - 219

Agonist
Mimics action of NT
Antagonist (Blocker)
Binds to receptor and prevents NT action

Biogenic amines
Catecholamines:
• Norepinephrine (noradrenalin)
• Epinephrine (adrenalin)
• Dopamine
Serotonin
Histamine

ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS
• - Excitatory
• - Inhibitory
• - Excitatory
• - Inhibitory
• - Excitatory
 

CHOLINERGIC RECEPTORS
• NICOTINIC
• MUSCARINIC

Nervous System
CNS
• Brain & Spinal Column
PNS
• Afferent - Sensory
• Efferent - Motor
 

Efferent Nervous System
(see image on Web and Fig 6.1)
• Somatic
• Autonomic
        • Parasympathetic
        • Sympathetic
 

Table 10.1

SOMATIC vs. AUTONOMIC
• STRUCTURES INNERVATED
• MODE OF ACTION
• EFFECT OF DENERVATION

See Table 10.4

Fig 10.6: Parasympathetic Pathways
 

SYMPATHETIC vs. PARASYMPATHETIC
• OUTFLOWS FROM SPINAL CORD
• NEUROTRANSMITTERS
• DEGREE OF BRANCHING
        • Preganglionic to Postganglionic Ratio
• ACTIONS ON EFFECTORS

SYMPATHETIC ACTIONS
HEART RATE = +
HEART BEAT STRENGTH = +
BLOOD FLOW TO SKELETAL MUSCLE =  +
BRONCHIOLE DIAMETER =  +
BLOOD FLOW TO INTESTINE = -
BLOOD GLUCOSE = +
INTESTINAL ACTIVITY = -
PUPIL DIAMETER = +
SWEAT GLANDS = +

SYMPATHETIC RECEPTOR EXCEPTIONS
Sweat glands:  ACh onto muscarinic (Excite)
Some blood vessels to skeletal muscles:  ACh onto muscarinic (Inhibitory)
Adrenal Medulla

BLOOD VESSELS RECEIVE  ONLY  SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION!

PARASYMPATHETIC ACTIONS
IMAGINE:  sleeping in a chair after a good meal!
You should now be able to understand and recreate Table 10.3

Presynaptic Inhibition

Make sure that you understand the ANS Pharmacology Summary Table posted on the course Web site!!!!!!