Monday, 28 September
W. J. Higgins, Guest Lecturer

 

Today’s Topics:

• Blood Types
• Erythropoiesis (rbc formation)
• RBC destruction, hemoglobin metabolism, and anemia
• Text Chapter 16

BLOOD TYPES

• Web sites to visit:
• http://opbs.okstate.edu/~melcher/MG/MGW1/MG11121.html
• http://ftp.bbc.co.uk/tw/9798/9801blood.shtml

•  

  Blood Type Antigen Antibodies

  • O NONE ANTI A ANTI B

    A A ANTI B

    B B ANTI A

    AB A & B NONE

     

     

Rh FACTOR

• 1. MAKE ANTI-RHESIS MONKEY RED CELL ANTIBODIES IN RABBIT

  2. IF ANTI-Rh REACTS WITH HUMAN RBC ---> Rh+

  3. IF ANTI-Rh DOES NOT REACT WITH HUMAN RBC ---> Rh -

   

Rh FACTOR PROBLEMS

• Rh - MOTHER CONCEIVES Rh + FETUS
• FETAL RBCs LEAK INTO MATERNAL CIRCULATION
• MOTHER PRODUCES ANTI Rh ANTIBODIES (IgG)
• SECOND Rh + CHILD: FETAL RBCs ATTACKED BY MATERNAL IgG

• SECOND Rh + CHILD: FETAL RBCs ATTACKED BY MATERNAL IgG RESULTS IN ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS

Rh TREATMENTS

• RHOGAM: ANTI - Rh TO MOTHER AFTER BIRTH OF FIRST CHILD.

  TRANSFUSION OF SECOND CHILD

QUESTION:

• WHY DOES Rh FACTOR POSE A PROBLEM WHILE ABO BLOOD TYPES DO NOT???

(IgG vs. IgM responses; IgM doesn’t cross the placenta while IgG does.)

• STEM CELL + ERYTHROPOETIN ---->

  ERYTHROBLAST ---->

  NORMOBLAST ---->

  RETICULOCYTE ---->

  MATURE RBC

  (MAKE ABOUT 2.3 X 108/DAY)

ANEMIA

• HEMORRHAGIC
• APLASTIC
• HEMOLYTIC
• PERNICIOUS ( VITAMIN B12 DEFICIT)
• Fe3+ deficiency

Hemoglobin Destruction:

•  
• Polypeptide chains
• Iron (fe3+)
• released from mf

   

• transferrin in plasma
• ferritin in cells, esp. liver

BILIRUBIN:

• JAUNDICE
• ELEVATED FREE ---> LIVER PROBLEMS
• ELEVATED CONJUGATED ---> KIDNEY MALFUNCTION
• PROBLEM FOR SOME NEW BORNS (USE UV LIGHT)