DNA vs. RNA Virus Biosynthesis |
||
Nucleic Acid
|
Family
|
Biosynthesis
|
DNA, single stranded, linear |
Parvoviridae (nonenveloped) |
Cellular enzyme transcribes viral DNA in nucleus |
DNA, double stranded, linear |
Adenoviridae (nonenveloped) Herpesviridae (enveloped)
Poxviridae (enveloped) |
Cellular enzyme transcribes viral DNA in nucleus
Viral enzyme transcribes viral DNA in cytoplasm |
DNA, double stranded, circular |
Papovaviridae (nonenveloped) |
Cellular enzyme transcribes viral DNA in nucleus |
DNA, double stranded, circular (with single-stranded region), reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA polymerase) |
Hepadnaviridae (enveloped) |
Cellular enzyme transcribes viral DNA in nucleus; reverse transcriptase copies mRNA to make viral DNA |
RNA, single stranded, + strand |
Picornaviridae (nonenveloped) Togaviridae (enveloped) |
Viral RNA functions as a template for synthesis of RNA polymerase which copies - strand RNA to make mRNA in cytoplasm |
RNA, single stranded, - strand |
Rhabdoviridae (enveloped) |
Viral enzyme copies viral RNA to make mRNA in cytoplasm |
RNA, double stranded |
Reoviridae (double capsid) (nonenveloped) |
Viral enzyme copies - strand RNA to make mRNA in cytoplasm |
RNA, single stranded, + strand, reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA polymerase) |
Retroviridae (enveloped) |
Viral enzyme copies viral RNA to make DNA in cytoplasm; DNA moves to nucleus |